simpson



Patented Apr. 1,5, 1890.

(No Model.) l

- L. A. SIMPSON.

'HEATING APPARATUS.

PATENT FFICE@ LEWIS A. SIMPSON, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

H EATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,463, dated April l5, 1890.

Application iled September 20, 1888. Serial No. 285,942. (No model.) Patented in France August '7, 1888, No. 192,298, and in Belgium August 8,1888,N0.82,831.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, LEWIS ALEXANDER SIMPSON, a citizen of the State of llVisconsin,

United States of America, residing at No. 32

. removable pin p.

St. Ferdinand Place, in the city of Paris, France, have invented certain Improvements in Stoves, (secured to me by Letters Patent in France, No. 192,298, dated August '7, 1888, and in Belgium, No. 82,831, dated August 8, 1888,) of which the followingis a specification.

The invention is more especially designed i grate can be turned back from the base upon a hinge-connection, thus affording opportu-v nity for the inspection and cleaning of the grate and removal of the ash-pan.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical central section; Fig. 2, a horizontal section on the line X X of Fig. l; Fig. 3, a

side elevation with the body of the stove turn ed backward upon its hinged base, which latter is shown in section. This ligure also shows in vertical section the flue-connections for the. stove When in tsinclined position as Well as in the normal position.

The base A of the stove is preferably provided with two rollers B5B and a` third support C. y.

E represents the body of the stove containing the iire-pot and grate. It is hinged at D to the base A, so that it may be thrown back, as in Fig. 3. The ash-pan P is contained in the base. The edge or rim of the base is beveled or turned in a lathe, as at a., so that there will be no horizontal surface at that point for the collection of ashes or dirt.

At the front of the base A a recess r, Fig. 3,

. is made for the passage and support of the and the fire-pot F. Leading from the body toward the iiue is the outlet O. This outlet is shown in Fig. l placed in a hole prepared to receive it in ya plate Q and fastened by a Ayoke or eyey is fastened to the outlet orto-the body of the stove, and a hook j is seen on the plate Q at the proper height to engage the yoke and hold the stove fwhen it is inclined, as in Fig. 3. Behind the plate Q free communication is presumed to @exist with the iiue or chimney.

The body of the stove is shown covered by .two lids T and U. The outer one T joins against a sharp or beveled rim orborder similar to that of the base E, and the junction at this point should be carefully prepared in order to diminish in the greatest possible degree danger of leakage in the event of insuf- Iicient or contrary draft in the flue; Y The in'- ner cover U is also provided with a beveled rim, but need not join as closely to the stove as the outer cover T, its chief uses being to protect the upper joint from being rusted by the action of corrosive vapors and the upper cover T from excessive heat When the reservoir is empty.

The covers 'l and U turn about their respective hinges t and u, which connect them to the body of the stove, and a chain c (or its equivalent) serves to attach the covers T and U to each other, so that When the upper one is lifted by the knob K the lower one follows almost immediately. y

The covers T and U are shown as closing against the same part of the stove-namely, its roof-but the lower one might equally Well shut down against the reservoir R.

The advantage of a communication over the top of the reservoir between the orifice left open While the covers are lifted andthe outlet-pipe is that gases emanating from the reservoir and dust produced in emptying the fuel into the stove are in part drawn into the flue.

The stove is placed in the position shown in Fig. 3 as often as may be required by the necessity of emptying the ash-pan P, which operation need not be performed oftener than once or twice a Week, according to the nature of the fuel used, the ainountof fuel shaken through the grate, the proximity of the bars IOO to each other, and the quantity of air allowed to pass into the re, as well as the relative size of the ashpan.

When it is desired to remove ashes from the base of the stove, the outlet O is first unfastened from the iiue or pipe with which it is normally in connection, and such clamps or hooks as may be used to secure the body E to the base A are loosened, after which the stove can be drawn forward by taking hold of the grate-handle 71,. The hook j can be caused to sustain the upper part of the body E, as before suggested, or the hook j and eye or yoke y` can be replaced by abench or support ofAcon.- venient height, but most advantageously by a special appendage. (Shown at H, Fig. 3.) The appendage consists of a case H, which is -intended to communicate with any source of draft, of an orifice I opening into the case H and suitably formed and placed to receive the outlet O of vthe stove when the latter is upright, and of a funnel' J, which receives the .outlet O when the stove is thrown back, and is so counterwoighted as to rise automatically when not loaded, causing a part m to cover the hole Z leading to the flue. The part m is a prolongation of the sliding flange of the funnel J, while'the holel coincides or registers with another hole made at the back of the funnel whenever the latter is loaded by the Weight of the upper part of the stove, as shown in Fig. 3. Communication is thus established between the bottom of the case H and the outlet O for the passage of smoke, soot, and dust. A chain n serves to limit the distance to which the stove can be drawn forward when the operation of inclining the stove is about to be undertaken. Vhen the chain n is taut, the outlet O can be readily placed in the funnel J, which is made somewhat larger at its mouth than the outlet.

The horizontal handle i', aswell as the gratehandle h, can be used to manipulate the stove.

When the body of the stove is inclined, as in Fig. 3, the grate, which is placed at the bottom of the iire-pot F, can be examined and discharged of stones and other pieces of incombustible matter which do not ordinarily pass through grates without the inconvenient use of a hook or poker. Heretofore in all cases where the fire is checked by shutting off the access of air to the stove, and not by the use of a damper in the'outlet-pipe, the fire either goes out after a few weeks burning or burns so badly that it is better to let it go out and to empty the stove. damper at the outlet large joints can be tolerated at the bottom of the stove and access Vfor the hook or poker can be provided, but

examination is almost impossible, and when the damper is closed or nearly closed leakage occurs through the upper joints of the stove,

In stoves which have a Athe upper grate g.

it in two parts gf g2. The part g is provided with several lugs or ears c e, which glide in the fire-pot F on an inwardly-directed annular flange having in it notches f f. These of negligence on the part of the useiglvbuildl l notches serve to let the grate pass down into f the base of the stove when the grate-handle h is turned aside to Z3, Fig. 2, which canbe done when the body E is slightly opened from t its base A.

The grate g might equally well be held by claws projecting downward from.

the lire-pot. In the grate g aseries of bars or teeth t t extend from the front part of its annular border Aand terminate in a hole or blank space the length and breadth of which 'y are both greater than the width of the inter-l stices between thebars t t.. This blank space is normally occupied by the heart of a second partial grate g2. The heart of t-he grate g2 is situated on the end opposite to the handle h, f e

which is firmly fixed to the part g2, as shown.- The bars t of the partial grate g may be placed sufliciently far apart to admitbetween each two adjacentones a bar protrudingfrom the heart of the part g2, so as to form, when the part g2 is taken away, not only a hole for the passage of the largest stones found in the e.

fuel, but also a series of broad open chan-V nels all leading to that more ample eXit. Atl

the side opposite to the handle h the partial grate g 2 is suspended from the part g by means Y of a stirrup or strap w, Fig. l, into which a` be withdrawn.

IOO

it, and a vertical pin and hole (seen at y) serveV to make the parts lg and g-zvof the duplex grate oscillate horizontally together when .i

they are placed in the stove and are actuated f t 'by the handle h. i

,When the body E is being turned back- IIO ward, the vertical play in the strap w allows the part g2 to retard until such play is taken up, or until some portion of the part g2 comes;r

in contact with'a point turning Withthe body*- E This contact should not occur until-the parts g g2"hajve become so far disengaged ,V115

from each other thatthe lower one g2 can be Vwithdrawn by removing the tongue @c from vthe strap w through the agency of the han-.`

dle h, which must be removed before the ash- 3 i Ipan can be taken out. Vhen the part g2 is re. vmoved from its mate g', stones will be seen l. lupon it, others will be noticed in the ash-pan, I: and larger ones will be found sticking through V l The user then finds upon, the part g2 (which is in the hand) a hook L, with which he can poke the stones from be- :tween the bars of the grate g down to the 'hole or ample exit already described. The yhook L further serves to lift the ash-pan` P l ou-t of the base of the stove, and the manneri vof'placing it for this service is plainly shown .in Fig'. 3. Y 'vih In a stove of great weight the action of turning the body up from the basewould not .stud q, (shown dotted in Fig. 1,)-which interferes with the withdrawal of the ash-pan so long as the lower part r2 is not withdrawn, but would not interfere with the opening of a door placed in the front of the base A, as

the stern s can be curved upward to avoid collision between the supposed door and the handle h. ln the supposed, case the stove can be turned back, as already described, so that the grates can be seen as often as desired. A second stud e, (dotted lines in Fig. 1,) on the bottom of the grate g2 may serve to draw the ash-pan out of the supposed door in the base of a heavy stove, or any other means maybe employed to take the ash-pan out. Of course the supposed door can have the recess o', Fig. 3, on its upper border and its hinges on the opposite or lower border, so that the component g2 can be turned downward enough to become disengaged from its mate when the door is turned down out of the wayl l further invest the hook L with the function of moving an oscillating slide b, although a linger fixed to the upper part g of the grate would perform the same duty. This slide b is borne by and guided upon the partition M. In the partition a hole fl is cut through on the side nearest to the hinge D, where the dust gathers by reason of the tilting back of the body E. The hole d4 is seen in Fig. 2 in dotted lines, being behind the slide b, and Z) as well as d can be seen in section in Fig. l. The pointof the hook L plays loosely between two L-shaped ngersk, and these fingers pass upward from the hook L through the partition M to the slide b, to which they are fastened. Leading from the hole il on each side are two curved slots d concentric to the center, upon which the arm or hook L is turned, and in these slotsv the fingers It travel during the oscillation of the slide I), which latter is of such length that when the handle 7L is pushed aside to one or the other of the positions Z and Z ,in Fig. 2 the hole d is only partially uncovered, in order to admit air in adequate quantity at pleasure through the partition M from the base Ato the upper part of the stove, thus diminishing the intensity of the current through the firei pot F. Willen the handle h is placed at Z3 or Z2, the hole CZ is wholly uncovered; but the offshoot or slot d to the hole d, which corresponds to the position Z2, is not made long F opening in the partition M at the rear of the chamber under the fire toward the flue by communication through the outlet O; but it might be connected with the iiue by a separate pipe, into which it should then open.

The valve u should be so weighted or counterweighted as to remain closed until the difference between the pressure existing below it and that existing above it is sufficient to satisfy the requirements of the re, at which juncture-the valve should give way to this difference of pressure and allow air to pass toward the flue without going thro ugh the grate and fire. This valve should be madelarger in section than the inlet to the base of the stove, and must be light or counterweighted. There are other sources of irregularity in the burning of a lire, and I have devised an appendage which causes the valve to be more or less unburdened, according to the temperature of the iire. This appendage consists of a weight G and a vertical strip or band G', attaching it firmly to the axis of the Valve fu (or to the valve itself) and turning with the valve. The band is composed of metals having different coeiiicients of expan sion-such as are used in 'many physical instruments to produce an analogous eifecteso that the weight G is displaced relatively to the valve by the change of form or curvature produced by the heating of the band. This displacement should take place in such a direction that the valve c is lightened as the temperature increases. Of course the throw or amplitude of direction of the valve U is such that it never remains permanently open after having been opened to its maximum limit.

The valve c is shown, as I believe, in the most suitable position, for two reasonsnamely, because the dust will not gather upon it, and because a nearly astatic condition of equilibrium between the pressures above and below the partition M can be obtained by placing the valve so that its center of gravity is at all times higherthan the level of the axis of suspension, and so that the farther the valve is opened the more easily it opens. The shield N serves to protect the valve from injury when pieces of fuelv fall from the reservoir or from the fire-pot.

No claims are broadly made herein to the IOO IIO

automatic valve, the construction and artions to receive the outlet O 'in either position of the stove.

5. The combination of the base,l the .stovebody, a'hinge-connection between ythe two v upon which the body may be turned back, and flue-connections for maintaining communioation between the stove-outlet O and the Iiue when the stove is in either position.

6. The combination of the base, body, and interposed hinge-connections, the outlet O, and lue-out1et,`as J, and the chain n, substantially as and forth'e purpose set forth.

l v LEWIS A. SIMPSON.

Witnesses:

R. J. PRESTON, J. L. RATHBONE. 

